Saturday, 24 October 2009
is it necessary to give IM premedication in all patients routinely in this modern era with newer drugs?
Answer:
Yes. Some meds cannot be given IV because of their nature. Sometimes you want a slower absorption which you would get with a IM injection. Big reason: Sometimes you have NO IV access. You gotta get a drug into a patient. There is no oral form of the item, you have no IV access, and subQ just isn't an option. That's what I see IM for most of the time. It may be that they can't gain access, it may be for a simple procedure needing one or two quick shots. Setting up IV access for everyone in an ER or sameday procedure isn't necessary. I just had an IM shot a few months ago. With proper technique, it really doesn't hurt that much. Of course, I can be a real butt so the nurse had lot's to work with.
Since you ask about premedication, I guess you're talking about medications given before a procedure. In emergency medicine, they're seldom used, so "necessary" isn't the case. "Useful" for pre-operative elective or scheduled procedures, though, is another matter. Oral drugs now take the place of some that were previously given IM, but people are normally kept NPO to limit the risk of aspiration, so they're out. The medications given IM today are the same medications given IM decades ago, and for the most part can be given IV, but they are in %26 out faster that way, and the IM choice remains the better.
no- in fact, very few premedications used today are given IM.the most commonly used premed today is midazolam, or versed. it's most commonly administered IV, but can also be given orally or intranasally. IM would also work, but there's no obvious advantage to it. the only situation where IM shots would still be used is in adults who are completely uncooperative, and unwilling to drink an oral premed (ie: mentally retarded, or psychiatric disorders). uncooperative kids aren't that big of a deal- you can just gas 'em with a mask and inhalational sevoflurane.
Is it necessary to stay on a restricted diet forever following an attack of colitis?
I was recently hospitalized due to my very first severe attack with colitis. I have always suffered along with this ailment throughout my childhood and now well into my 50's. However, it has always subsided with a common sense diet etc but no medication. This time around I could do nothing to stop the pain and even had intestinal bleeding. The doctor released me from the hospital with a very restricted diet. I am on 2 courses of antibiotics and pain killers. I have been home for 3 days and am just beginning to feel better. I have just started eating solids like baby food, jello, toast, cottage cheese etc. Can I ever try chocolate or any of the other foods I so love again? I will be going for a colonoscopy soon and have made an appointment with another doctor. My sons have Crohn's desease. This seems to run in our family. What else can I expect from this illness?
Answer:
No theories about the causes of ulcerative colitis have been proven. But researchers think the body鈥檚 immune system reacts to a virus or bacteria by causing ongoing inflammation in the intestinal wall. Although this is considered to be a problem with your immune system, some doctors think the immune system reaction may be a result, not the cause, of the disease. Ulcerative colitis is not caused by emotional distress or sensitivity to certain foods or food products, but these factors may trigger symptoms in some people.
I think the first thing to do is get your colonoscopy and get diagnosed...because that will have a major impact on the treatment and if you need to be on a special diet. Check out the Yahoo Group 'crohnscolitis', for all sorts of great information about those diseases. I have Crohn's disease, was just diagnosed in May, and am struggling with the same questions about my diet. Of course, I love chocolate too, and potatoes and popcorn are my favorites (but hurt me too much), but living life without an ostomy bag is more important than having the foods I love.
you did not mention the type of colitis you have. if you have crohns disease, the course of treatment is different from other types of coltis.as you improve your comdition of colitis, yor diet will be gradually adapted to what is comfortable for you. if you knowe something gives you pain then do not eat it. even if it is chocolate.
%26#92;
unless you are a masochist with a death wish. colitis is not something to take lightly. it can kill. treat your guts with respect and theyu will not hurt as much.
Answer:
No theories about the causes of ulcerative colitis have been proven. But researchers think the body鈥檚 immune system reacts to a virus or bacteria by causing ongoing inflammation in the intestinal wall. Although this is considered to be a problem with your immune system, some doctors think the immune system reaction may be a result, not the cause, of the disease. Ulcerative colitis is not caused by emotional distress or sensitivity to certain foods or food products, but these factors may trigger symptoms in some people.
I think the first thing to do is get your colonoscopy and get diagnosed...because that will have a major impact on the treatment and if you need to be on a special diet. Check out the Yahoo Group 'crohnscolitis', for all sorts of great information about those diseases. I have Crohn's disease, was just diagnosed in May, and am struggling with the same questions about my diet. Of course, I love chocolate too, and potatoes and popcorn are my favorites (but hurt me too much), but living life without an ostomy bag is more important than having the foods I love.
you did not mention the type of colitis you have. if you have crohns disease, the course of treatment is different from other types of coltis.as you improve your comdition of colitis, yor diet will be gradually adapted to what is comfortable for you. if you knowe something gives you pain then do not eat it. even if it is chocolate.
%26#92;
unless you are a masochist with a death wish. colitis is not something to take lightly. it can kill. treat your guts with respect and theyu will not hurt as much.
is it necessary to take a "human anatomy and physiology" class in college before starting medical school?
i have taken basic biology, zoology, cell biology and genetics.
Answer:
This may come as a shock, but the medical school will teach you anatomy and physiology. You just need general %26 organic chemistry, basic biology, basic physics. Don't waste time learning material that will be repeated in medical school. Get a broad prepatory education.
Hi, its about that time for me to decide the same thing and I
recently researched this question.
It may not be completely necessary to take these
classes. However, I know for a fact that it would definetely
help in medical school, whatever field you'll be in.
Also, it sounds cool :)Vote for me!
depends on what school your going to, it depends on their crickulum (sorry I know I misspelled that word).
yes you must take human anatomy and physiology class before you go to med school because it can help you understand the causes and effects of the problems related to humans.I have taken this class and it was little challenging but i made it...also if you are familiar with latin this class would rock for you.its fun if you want to make it a fun class because after all it just comes down to all the bones, tissues, organs, and ligaments...and the function.we almost felt like we were some amazingly designed machine...hahah but ya seriously taking this class will help you alot to get through MCATs and med schoolllgood luck...
Yes.
ACTUALLYDevil's in the details. It need not be HUMAN anatomy and physiology. As long as you study mammalian anatomy/physiology, it's fine. A common name for a course that studies such is "Organismal Biology".I said orgaNISmal.I took that course (along with its lab, which you should also take!), and I got into a few medical schools....and I assume the ones I didn't get into, I didn't get into because of other reasons...
I guess so, since you're into medicine, and by right should be for Humans (you wanna be a Med student right?) thus it is a fair deal that you should learn about the human body before trying to learn about what goes wrong with it and treating it.Now, I'm not a uni student (im taking a diploma and education in singapore is rather different from the US) but I do think that it's required. I've also taken those modules (cept' for zoology) cos I'm in biotechnology, but I'm currently taking A%26P as well, despite the fact that I don't actually need it... but what the heck, Anatomy's really fun, you get to learn about everything in your body at the anatomical level (duh) which is simpler than the molecular and biochemical level. I'm thinking that it things should fall into place just nicely because you've taken cell biology and genetics; A%26P is the part and parcel of the whole human biology thing.:)
Is it useful? Yes.Is it necessary? No. You will take a class in it your first year or two.Is it required for admission? Not in most medical schools in the United States.I have advised university premeds in the US and a majority did not take a human anatomy and physiology course. While requirements vary by school, the usual minimum coursework requirements in the US are a year of basic biology, a year of inorganic chemistry, and a year of organic chemistry with lab.
It is in your best interest to take it in college. The college course will be much less demanding than the medical school course, and it will help you to know the basics.For example, in college you may need to know the names of all the bones. In medical school, you will need to know the name of every bump and ridge on every bone. It's a big help to already have the names of the bones down.Same goes with physiology. Medical school is MUCH more detailed, and goes a lot faster. Most of your medical school classmates will have had anatomy and physiology, so they will have less trouble with the class.I'd also recommend biochemistry for the same reason.
Answer:
This may come as a shock, but the medical school will teach you anatomy and physiology. You just need general %26 organic chemistry, basic biology, basic physics. Don't waste time learning material that will be repeated in medical school. Get a broad prepatory education.
Hi, its about that time for me to decide the same thing and I
recently researched this question.
It may not be completely necessary to take these
classes. However, I know for a fact that it would definetely
help in medical school, whatever field you'll be in.
Also, it sounds cool :)Vote for me!
depends on what school your going to, it depends on their crickulum (sorry I know I misspelled that word).
yes you must take human anatomy and physiology class before you go to med school because it can help you understand the causes and effects of the problems related to humans.I have taken this class and it was little challenging but i made it...also if you are familiar with latin this class would rock for you.its fun if you want to make it a fun class because after all it just comes down to all the bones, tissues, organs, and ligaments...and the function.we almost felt like we were some amazingly designed machine...hahah but ya seriously taking this class will help you alot to get through MCATs and med schoolllgood luck...
Yes.
ACTUALLYDevil's in the details. It need not be HUMAN anatomy and physiology. As long as you study mammalian anatomy/physiology, it's fine. A common name for a course that studies such is "Organismal Biology".I said orgaNISmal.I took that course (along with its lab, which you should also take!), and I got into a few medical schools....and I assume the ones I didn't get into, I didn't get into because of other reasons...
I guess so, since you're into medicine, and by right should be for Humans (you wanna be a Med student right?) thus it is a fair deal that you should learn about the human body before trying to learn about what goes wrong with it and treating it.Now, I'm not a uni student (im taking a diploma and education in singapore is rather different from the US) but I do think that it's required. I've also taken those modules (cept' for zoology) cos I'm in biotechnology, but I'm currently taking A%26P as well, despite the fact that I don't actually need it... but what the heck, Anatomy's really fun, you get to learn about everything in your body at the anatomical level (duh) which is simpler than the molecular and biochemical level. I'm thinking that it things should fall into place just nicely because you've taken cell biology and genetics; A%26P is the part and parcel of the whole human biology thing.:)
Is it useful? Yes.Is it necessary? No. You will take a class in it your first year or two.Is it required for admission? Not in most medical schools in the United States.I have advised university premeds in the US and a majority did not take a human anatomy and physiology course. While requirements vary by school, the usual minimum coursework requirements in the US are a year of basic biology, a year of inorganic chemistry, and a year of organic chemistry with lab.
It is in your best interest to take it in college. The college course will be much less demanding than the medical school course, and it will help you to know the basics.For example, in college you may need to know the names of all the bones. In medical school, you will need to know the name of every bump and ridge on every bone. It's a big help to already have the names of the bones down.Same goes with physiology. Medical school is MUCH more detailed, and goes a lot faster. Most of your medical school classmates will have had anatomy and physiology, so they will have less trouble with the class.I'd also recommend biochemistry for the same reason.
Is it me or possibly the Meds?
Currently I am on 300 mg of effexor xr, I took it before but at I believe 150 mg gradually increasesd to 225mg with relatively no troubles except severe withdraw when I would forget for more than a day to take it, severe enough to find myself in the emergency room swearing whatever was wrong was going tot kill me. I went off for a period, but as my life went haywire with divorce, surviving a sexual assault at work, a major relocation with a career move that turned out not to be what was presented I was put back on it and at the current dose of 300mg. Basically it has made me a more tolerable person to others, but I have gained 80 pounds, fatigue, and have become unable to work any longer do to the severe muscle pain and fatigue. I've lost all labido as well. I also have very severe effects if I miss even a dose now, headaches, severe nausia, dizziness, brain shivers, extreme weakness. Does anyone else out there relate? Is it me or the medicine? Are there better alternatives to try?
Answer:
There is a book http://www.breggin.com that is called "It's not your fault, your drug may be to blame." by a Psychiatrist.On the web site provided, you will learn:
Psychiatric Drug Facts
What your doctor may not know about:
How psychiatric drugs really work
Adverse drug effects on the brain and mind
The role of the FDA
Drug company practices
Recent medical and legal developments
Electroshock and psychosurgery Last updated December 12, 2006 so it's very recent. Good luck.
u
It's the medicine.
If my Mom forgets a dose, she's miserable.
I couldn't suggest a better alternative but I would suggest talking to your doctor.
Good luck, sorry to hear of your misfortunes, though I am sure they have made you a stronger person.
Have your pharmacist look up the side effects for you.
I take Effexor and do not have these feelings .Feelings are very personal, and I feel for what your going though and you have been through alot...I think you should talk to someone on a 1 on 1 basis..I do not mean that as bad its just that sometimes we need to get these feelings off our chest and no pill will do that...Bless you and Good luck
effexor is horrible if you ask me. . I say the meds
Its amazing the effects that drugs have on the human body! I came off of that stuff when I got prego and had terrible withdrawls as well. go to WebMD.com and search for some stuff. I love that website. Also with your libido thing I go through that with my meds as well and they say that taking a course of Wellbutrin along with your SSRI can help. I am looking into getting myself on that as well. But for you it may be time to change your meds. I know changing sucks you have to have the withdrawls and then the new meds side affects but this isnt helping you. It is hurting you., Sure your mood is better but the other symptoms are going to bring you down in the long run so it is time to seek help from your doctor!
300mg is a very high dose. I'm on 225mg which is higher than anyone I know. I would imagine the higher your dose, the bigger the withdrawal symptoms if you miss. When I miss a day, I get brain zaps, very uncomfortable, and my only focus is getting the meds refilled asap! You seem to have way too many! Maybe some of your "side-effects" are symptoms of something other than depression. I would go to another doctor for an opinion. All anti-depressants have their side effects and they are all different. Maybe you need to try a different type of anti-depressant. Good Luck!
My ex-sister-in-law is going through the same symptoms on Effexor. She says she CANNOT get off of it! Anything is better than that! Try an herbal alternative if you can?!
Answer:
There is a book http://www.breggin.com that is called "It's not your fault, your drug may be to blame." by a Psychiatrist.On the web site provided, you will learn:
Psychiatric Drug Facts
What your doctor may not know about:
How psychiatric drugs really work
Adverse drug effects on the brain and mind
The role of the FDA
Drug company practices
Recent medical and legal developments
Electroshock and psychosurgery Last updated December 12, 2006 so it's very recent. Good luck.
u
It's the medicine.
If my Mom forgets a dose, she's miserable.
I couldn't suggest a better alternative but I would suggest talking to your doctor.
Good luck, sorry to hear of your misfortunes, though I am sure they have made you a stronger person.
Have your pharmacist look up the side effects for you.
I take Effexor and do not have these feelings .Feelings are very personal, and I feel for what your going though and you have been through alot...I think you should talk to someone on a 1 on 1 basis..I do not mean that as bad its just that sometimes we need to get these feelings off our chest and no pill will do that...Bless you and Good luck
effexor is horrible if you ask me. . I say the meds
Its amazing the effects that drugs have on the human body! I came off of that stuff when I got prego and had terrible withdrawls as well. go to WebMD.com and search for some stuff. I love that website. Also with your libido thing I go through that with my meds as well and they say that taking a course of Wellbutrin along with your SSRI can help. I am looking into getting myself on that as well. But for you it may be time to change your meds. I know changing sucks you have to have the withdrawls and then the new meds side affects but this isnt helping you. It is hurting you., Sure your mood is better but the other symptoms are going to bring you down in the long run so it is time to seek help from your doctor!
300mg is a very high dose. I'm on 225mg which is higher than anyone I know. I would imagine the higher your dose, the bigger the withdrawal symptoms if you miss. When I miss a day, I get brain zaps, very uncomfortable, and my only focus is getting the meds refilled asap! You seem to have way too many! Maybe some of your "side-effects" are symptoms of something other than depression. I would go to another doctor for an opinion. All anti-depressants have their side effects and they are all different. Maybe you need to try a different type of anti-depressant. Good Luck!
My ex-sister-in-law is going through the same symptoms on Effexor. She says she CANNOT get off of it! Anything is better than that! Try an herbal alternative if you can?!
Is it moral to use electric shocks by the doctor to treat the patiant?
Answer:
Yes. There are two uses of electric shocks I can think of. Defibrillators are used to start the heart if it has stopped or if it is in fibrillation. You often see it being used in emergency wards on TV shows.
Electro convulsive therapy has been used for a very long time for some mental illnesses. The shocks are administered while the patient is under a general anaesthetic. Patients who receive ECT report that it makes them feel a lot better and the improvements are measurable.
to be honest I dont really know.
But I did take a phycology class, and little things like that can mess people up.Like there was a babby, and phycologists would strick a gong every time the baby came in contact with a bunny. They did it to see if the baby would freak out around bunnys for the rest of his life, but he ended up way more messed up then that.Doing things that hurt people or scare people isn't a good idea in my opinion.
What type of shocks are you talking about, and where are they applied?In Electroconvulsive Therapy, for example, an AC voltage of 70 - 150V 60Hz is applied across both sides of the head (bilateral) or one side of the head (unilateral) for a few seconds. It's used to try to alleviate treatment-resistant depression. The bilateral procedure is very controversial, but the unilateral one seems to give good and safe results.It's also legal. That doesn't make it moral, of course. Here's a complete rundown on it, with pro and con resources.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/electroconv...Big Al Mintaka
Is it morally acceptable to experiment on animals to develop products and medicines that benefit beings?
Answer:
I don't think so! I don't think any animal should have to suffer to better a human life. How do we justify killing something so something else can live?
let me ask you this.. lets assume that there are such things as aliens regardless of whether you believe it or not just for the sake of this question...do you think it would be morally acceptable for them to experiment on humans to develop products and medicines that benefit aliens? would you like being ubducted by an alien for them to try some kind of product on you to sede if it will kill you or what kind of damage it will cause? as you can probably guess my answer is NO I don't think it is morally acceptable for an animal to potentially suffer and die for our wellbeing..
NO NO NO! I find it just plain stupid that we expect an animal's physiology and anatomy to react the same way a human's would. Perfect example: I can't remember what the drug was called (started with a "T") but in the seventies, it was tested on pregnant mice (the drug was to alleviate morning sickness) and their babies came out fine. However, when humans took it, their babies were born with severe birth defects. In my opinion, those in prison for life or those on death row should have the option to be used as guinea pigs for such experiments in exchange for a lighter sentence or opportunity for parole.
It is not acceptable.
They can drop an anvil on a helmeted chimp's head or they can drop it on a child's. I'd vote for the chimp. It IS a long, suffering, terrible way to die, but the simple fact is: their deaths save human lives.That said, I think they should use death-row criminals for the same science.
If you're going to try something, then there has to be a first time. You can't start later, no matter how hard you try.
yea, why not? esp the rats. u would want a rat to invade ur house creating a mess
When animals are used in research, they are not tortured as many seem to think. There are rules and ethical issues that guide how research can be done, how one can use the animal, what is ok and what is not. These committees which are set up to keep research on animal in line is very strict.
People would have never know what inside of a human being was like if people didnt eventually agree that it is ok to dissect cadavers, it was illegal for a long time and it lead to people doing it the under handed way.
Yes, I dont like the idea of animals being used in reasearch. I feel bad that they are made to go through pain. But when I think that something learned through such a research process may one day saved one of my loved ones. I would rather think of that.
Wednesday, 21 October 2009
Is it illegal for a pharmacy to stock "placebo" pills?
This is a debate currently going on in another board, and it centers mainly on whether or not a pharmacy is allowed to have "fake XX" to give to people who try to steal or forcefully take these pills from the pharmacies. Also, if someone could point me to where I could find this information for myself, I would appreciate it.
Answer:
its not illegal to stock them.it is illegal to sell them as real pills.
If people want to steal medication then I applaud the fact that the pharmacy will give you sugar pills instead. People who break the law only have themselves to blame.However if you want to find placebos actually for sale just look for any "medication" labelled homeopathic.
No, it isn't illegal. It would only be unlawful if they were selling placebo's in place of legitimate pills. It makes allot of sense for them to have these on hand to give them out in place of the legal narcotics that some would steel or rob for.
Placebos are used only in clinical trials, under controlled conditions and therefore are not available to the general public. While it might not be illegal for pharmacies to stock them, why should they do so when they can't legally sell them?
Some doctors will prescribe placebos for patients that really have nothing wrong with them but insist on some sort of pill to cure them. I wouldn't be surprised they are in the pharmacy.
NO I have prescribed them on occasion.
Answer:
its not illegal to stock them.it is illegal to sell them as real pills.
If people want to steal medication then I applaud the fact that the pharmacy will give you sugar pills instead. People who break the law only have themselves to blame.However if you want to find placebos actually for sale just look for any "medication" labelled homeopathic.
No, it isn't illegal. It would only be unlawful if they were selling placebo's in place of legitimate pills. It makes allot of sense for them to have these on hand to give them out in place of the legal narcotics that some would steel or rob for.
Placebos are used only in clinical trials, under controlled conditions and therefore are not available to the general public. While it might not be illegal for pharmacies to stock them, why should they do so when they can't legally sell them?
Some doctors will prescribe placebos for patients that really have nothing wrong with them but insist on some sort of pill to cure them. I wouldn't be surprised they are in the pharmacy.
NO I have prescribed them on occasion.
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